Article
Art by Gary Hannna

Space Rescue

Could three astronauts be saved from disaster?

By Lauren Tarshis

Learning Objective: Learn about how three astronauts on Apollo 13 survived a disaster.

Lexile® measure: 520L
Vocabulary: spacecraft, modules, gravity, engineers, damaged, packed, successes
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Think and Read

As you read, ask yourself: What was the problem? How did people solve it?

Art by Gary Hanna
 

It was April 11, 1970. Three astronauts were inside their spacecraft. It was called Apollo 13. It sat on top of a rocket. Takeoff was about to begin.

Five, four, three, two, one . . .

The rocket shot into the sky. It flew at 24,000 miles per hour!

The rocket shot up with such force that the skin on the men’s faces stretched back. It felt like the skin would rip off their skulls and their bones might break.

But this was normal. The takeoff had gone well. The astronauts Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, and Jack Swigert were on their way to the moon!

It was April 11, 1970. Three astronauts were inside their spacecraft. It was called Apollo 13. It sat on top of a rocket. They were about to takeoff.

Five, four, three, two, one . . .

The rocket went into the sky. It flew fast. It was going 24,000 miles per hour!

The rocket shot up with a great force. The skin on the men’s faces stretched back. It felt like the skin would rip off their skulls. It felt like their bones might break.

But this was normal. The takeoff had gone well. The astronauts Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, and Jack Swigert were on their way to the moon!

It was April 11, 1970. Three astronauts were inside their spacecraft called Apollo 13. It sat on top of a rocket about to take off.

The rocket shot into the sky, racing at 24,000 miles per hour!

The rocket shot up with such force that the skin on the men’s faces stretched back. It felt like the skin would rip off their skulls and their bones might break.

But this was normal and the takeoff had gone well. The astronauts Jim Lovell, Fred Haise, and Jack Swigert were on their way to the moon!


On Their Way

On Their Way

On Their Way

Alamy Stock Photo

Apollo 13 blasts off.

The astronauts flew through space. Apollo 13 was made up of three main modules, or parts.  

On one side was the lunar module. In the middle was the command module. That is where the men lived. On the other side was the service module. It held most of the ship’s power and oxygen.

It was not easy being on Apollo 13. The men ate dried food mixed with water. There were no sinks, showers, or toilets. There was no gravity. Gravity holds things down and keeps them from floating away. The men floated around in the ship.

The men also had to pee and poop into bags! The bags with pee were left in space. The bags with poop would be brought back to Earth. 

The astronauts flew through space. Apollo 13 was made up of three parts. The parts are called modules.

On one side was the lunar module. In the middle was the command module. This is where the men lived. On the other side was the service module. It held most of the ship’s power and oxygen.

It was not easy being on Apollo 13. The men ate dried food mixed with water. There were no sinks or showers. There was no gravity. Gravity holds things down. It keeps them from floating away. The men floated around in the ship.

There were no toilets. The men had to pee and poop into bags! The bags with pee were left in space. The bags with poop would be brought back to Earth.

The astronauts flew through space. Apollo 13 was made up of three main modules, or parts.

On one side was the lunar module. In the middle was the command module, where the men lived. On the other side was the service module which held most of the ship’s power and oxygen.

It was not easy being on Apollo 13. The men ate dried food mixed with water. There were no sinks, showers, or toilets. There was no gravity to keep them from floating away. The men floated around in the ship.

The men also had to pee and poop into bags! The bags with pee were left in space, but the bags with poop would be brought back to Earth.


The Disaster

The Disaster

The Disaster

Bettmann/Getty Images

From left to right: Jack Swigert, Jim Lovell, and Fred Haise

On April 13, the astronauts got ready to land on the moon. They were talking with engineers at Mission Control in Houston, Texas. Engineers design and work with machines. The engineers asked them to turn on fans in an oxygen tank. 

Swigert turned them on. Bang! The spacecraft shook. “Houston, we’ve had a problem,” he said.

An oxygen tank had blown up! The ship was damaged, or broken. Soon parts of the ship would run out of oxygen and power. Now the men could not go to the moon.

It was April 13. The astronauts got ready to land on the moon.

They were talking with engineers at Mission Control in Houston, Texas. Engineers design and work with machines. The engineers asked them to turn on fans in an oxygen tank.

Swigert turned them on. Bang! The spacecraft shook. “Houston, we’ve had a problem,” he said.

An oxygen tank had blown up! The ship was damaged. It was broken. Soon parts of the ship would run out of oxygen and power. They could not go to the moon.

On April 13, the astronauts got ready to land on the moon.

They were talking with engineers at Mission Control in Houston, Texas. Engineers design and work with machines. The engineers asked them to turn on fans in an oxygen tank.

Swigert turned them on. Bang! The spacecraft shook. “Houston, we’ve had a problem,” he said.

An oxygen tank had blown up! The ship was damaged and soon parts of the ship would run out of oxygen and power. Now the men could not travel to the moon.


A Plan

A Plan

A Plan

NASA via CNP/Newscom

In Mission Control, engineers guide the astronauts.

The men had to get home. Everyone brainstormed about what to do. The engineers decided the astronauts needed to stay in the lunar module. Why? It had its own power, oxygen, and water. The men would be safe in it until they got close to Earth. 

But as they got close to Earth, the lunar module would get too hot. So the men would need to rush back into the command module. It had a heat shield to keep them safe. 

The trip back to Earth would take four days. The astronauts wanted to save power, so they shut off the heat. It was negative 454 degrees Fahrenheit outside! The men were freezing. 

People on Earth looked up at the sky. They hoped the astronauts would make it home.

The men had to get home. Everyone thought about what to do. The engineers decided the astronauts needed to stay in the lunar module. Why? It had its own power. It also had oxygen and water. The men would be safe in it until they got close to Earth.

There was a problem. The lunar module would get too hot when it got close to Earth. The men would need to rush back into the command module. It had a heat shield. It would keep them safe.

The trip back to Earth would take four days. The astronauts wanted to save power. They shut off the heat. It was negative 454 degrees Fahrenheit outside! The men were freezing.

People on Earth hoped the astronauts would make it home.

The men had to get home. Everyone brainstormed about what to do. The engineers decided the astronauts needed to stay in the lunar module because it had its own power, oxygen, and water. The men would be safe in it until they got close to Earth.

But as they approached Earth, the lunar module would get too hot. So the men would need to rush back into the command module where a heat shield could keep them safe.

The journey back to Earth would take four days. The astronauts wanted to save power, so they shut off the heat. It was negative 454 degrees Fahrenheit outside, so the men were freezing!

Back on Earth people looked up at the sky and hoped the astronauts would make it home.


Back to Earth

Back to Earth

Back to Earth

On the morning of April 17, it was time to return to Earth. The men climbed into the command module. They needed the heat shield to work. If it did not, the ship would burn up. 

The men got ready. Soon the ship and Mission Control wouldn’t be able to talk to each other. If something went wrong, Mission Control would not know. 

In Houston, the room was packed. It was full of people. No one spoke. Everyone was too nervous. 

On the morning of April 17, it was time to return to Earth. The men climbed into the command module. They needed the heat shield to work. If it did not, the ship would burn up.

The men got ready. Soon the ship wouldn’t be able to talk to Mission Control. If something went wrong, Mission Control would not know.

In Houston, the room was full of people. It was packed. No one talked. Everyone was too nervous.

On the morning of April 17, it was time to return to Earth. The men climbed into the command module and hoped the heat shield would work. If it did not, the ship would burn up.

The men prepared. Soon the ship and Mission Control wouldn’t be able to communicate. If something went wrong, Mission Control would not know.

In Houston, the room was packed. No one spoke because everyone was too nervous.


Home Again

Home Again

Home Again

Bettmann/Getty Images

The astronauts land in the ocean. A Navy diver helps them. 

Time passed. People in Mission Control tried to talk to the astronauts. It didn’t work. They tried again. It didn’t work again. Some engineers cried. 

Then a voice came over the radio. It was Jack Swigert! 

At Mission Control, the room filled with joy. People pumped their fists. The astronauts were alive!

Inside the ship, the astronauts watched the sky. It turned from red to pink to blue.

Pop! The ship’s parachutes opened. The ship floated to Earth. It landed in the Pacific Ocean. The Apollo 13 mission was over. It had failed. The astronauts had not been able to go to the moon. 

But many people thought it was one of the U.S. space program’s biggest successes. It was a win. The men got home safely. Everyone survived. 

Jim Lovell looked at the other two astronauts. He said, “Fellows, we’re home.”

Time passed. Mission Control tried to talk to the astronauts. 

It didn’t work.

They tried again. It didn’t work. Some engineers cried.

Then a voice came over the radio. It was Jack Swigert!

The room filled with joy. People pumped their fists. The astronauts were alive!

The astronauts watched the sky. It turned from red to pink to blue.

Pop! The ship’s parachutes opened. The ship floated to Earth and landed in the Pacific Ocean. The Apollo 13 mission was over. It had failed. The astronauts did not go to the moon.

Many people thought it was one of the U.S. space program’s biggest successes. It was a win because the men got home safely. Everyone lived.

Jim Lovell looked at the other two astronauts. He said, “Fellows, we’re home.”

Time passed. People in Mission Control tried to talk to the astronauts, but it didn’t work.

They tried again and failed. Some engineers cried.

Then a voice came over the radio—it was Jack Swigert!

At Mission Control, the room filled with joy and people pumped their fists. The astronauts survived!

Inside the ship, the astronauts watched the sky as it turned from red to pink to blue.

Pop! The ship’s parachutes opened and the ship floated to Earth landing in the Pacific Ocean. The Apollo 13 mission was over. It had failed because the astronauts had not been able to go to the moon.

But many people thought it was one of the U.S. space program’s biggest successes. It was a win because the men got home safely. Everyone survived.

Jim Lovell looked at the other two astronauts. He said, “Fellows, we’re home.” 


The Parts of Apollo 13

Art by Kate Francis

Command Module: The astronauts lived and slept here. It was the only module that could return the men safely to Earth because it had a heat shield.

Service Module: This held most of the ship’s electric power and oxygen. It was where the explosion happened.

Lunar Module: This was built to carry the astronauts from the command module to the moon and back. It had its own oxygen and power but no heat shield. 

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Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Implementation

  • Small group; whole group; independent reading

Pairings and Text Connections

  • In this issue, these texts all go with the space theme:
    People in Space!,” p. 4
    “Space Rescue,” p. 6
    New Kid on Mars,” p. 14
    “Life on Mars,” p. 20

Before-Reading Resources

  • Text Preview Bookmarks 
    (5 minutes) Students can cut out the nonfiction bookmark and use it to preview the text.
  • Play the Vocabulary Slideshow 
    (5 minutes) Help students become familiar with vocabulary words they will see in the article.

During-Reading Activities

Comprehension, nonfiction text features (30 minutes)

  • Use the Pause and Think questions for a comprehension check.
  • Stop at the subheads. Ask students, “What do you think this section will be about?”

After-Reading Video Read-Aloud

(5 minutes)

  • Watch the Video Read-Aloud
    Students can hear the article read aloud and see the imagery come to life. 

After-Reading Skills Practice

(15 minutes for each activity)

  • Quiz: Comprehension check (We also offer a lower-level quiz.) 
  • Word Work: Vocabulary
  • Astronaut’s Diary: A fun writing activity where students can write from the point of view of an astronaut.

After-Reading Text Comparisons 

(15 minutes for each activity)

  • Space Chart: Compare the themed texts in the issue.

Text-to-Speech