Article
SAM OGDEN/SCIENCE SOURCE

Can a Robot Be a Friend?

What if a robot acted like a friend? Would that be fun, or feel strange? An inventor named Cynthia Breazeal (bruh-ZIL) wanted to find out.

By Erin Kelly
Lexiles: 510L
Guided Reading Level: K
DRA Level: 16-18
Vocabulary: adventures, engineer, professor, babble, motors
Topic: Science,
Download and Print
Think and Read

As you read, think about whether Cynthia’s robots helped people. How did they help?

COURTESY CYNTHIA BREAZEAL

Here is Cynthia in first grade.

When Cynthia was a kid, she saw a movie that changed her life.

It was a new movie called Star Wars. There was a cute robot in the movie called R2-D2.

Cynthia fell in love with R2-D2. “He was like a friend,” she says. “A friend who could help people and go on adventures with them!”

Could she make a robot like that? Cynthia wanted to try.

She went to college to become an engineer. Engineers build machines that solve problems.

After college, Cynthia went to learn from a professor who built robots. She helped him make a new kind of robot. The robot could move like an insect. They were hoping that it could help scientists explore a planet like Mars one day!

The robot was cool. But it was not a friend.

Cynthia saw the movie Star Wars when she was a kid. She loved the robot R2-D2 in the movie. Cynthia wanted to try to make a robot like R2-D2. She went to college to learn how to build robots. Later, she made her first robot.

When Cynthia Breazeal (bruh-ZIL) was a kid, she saw a movie that changed her life.

The movie, called Star Wars, featured an adorable robot called R2-D2.

Cynthia fell in love with R2-D2. “He was like a friend,” she remembers. “A friend who could help people and go on adventures with them!”

Could she create a robot like that? Cynthia wanted to try.

She went to college and studied to become an engineer. Engineers build machines that solve problems.

After college, Cynthia went to learn from a professor who built robots. She helped him make a new kind of robot that could move like an insect. They were hoping that it could help scientists explore a planet like Mars one day!

The robot was cool, but it was not a friend.


How Should the Robot Look?

How Should the Robot Look?

How Should the Robot Look?


What should a robot friend look like? Cynthia wanted to make a robot that looked cute and lovable, like R2-D2. So a few years later, she started working on a new robot. She gave it big eyes like a baby. She gave it long eyelashes and bushy eyebrows.

But she did not want to make the robot look exactly like a real person. So Cynthia’s robot did not have a person’s body. It was just a head. She gave it pink ears!

She decided the robot should be cute. She gave it big eyes, long eyelashes, and bushy eyebrows. Cynthia’s robot did not have a body. It was just a head with pink ears!

What should a robot friend look like? Cynthia wanted to make a robot that looked cute and lovable, like R2-D2. So a few years later, she started working on a new robot. She gave it big eyes like a baby’s, long eyelashes, and bushy eyebrows.

But she did not want to make the robot look exactly like a real person. So Cynthia’s robot did not have a person’s body. It was just a head. She even gave it pink ears!


PETER MENZEL/SCIENCE SOURCE

 

Cynthia and Kismet look in a mirror together.

How Should the Robot Move?

How Should the Robot Move?

How Should the Robot Move?


Next, Cynthia thought about how her robot should move.

If people talked in a friendly voice, the robot would move its head forward. If people sounded mad, the robot would pull back, like it was scared.

The robot would babble when things got quiet. To babble is to say things that make no sense. Babies babble.

Cynthia gave the robot a name. She called it Kismet.

The robot moved its head forward if a person sounded friendly. If a person sounded mad, it moved its head back. The robot made sounds like a baby. Cynthia named it Kismet.

Next, Cynthia thought about how her robot should move.

If people talked in a friendly voice, the robot would move its head forward just like a person engaged in conversation. If people sounded mad, the robot would pull back, like it was scared.

When things got quiet, the robot would babble like a baby, saying things that made no sense.

Cynthia gave the robot a name, Kismet.


Testing the Robot

Testing the Robot

Testing the Robot


It was time to test Kismet. Cynthia asked other people to help her. She told them, “Speak to the robot.” She wondered, would they talk to Kismet like a friend?

A volunteer sat down with Kismet. He pointed to the watch on his wrist. He said, “This is a watch that my girlfriend gave me.” Kismet looked at the watch and babbled.

Then he said, “I almost lost it this week.” Kismet’s eyes opened wide. The man told Cynthia that he felt like he was talking to a friend.

Next, a person named Anne talked to Kismet. At first, Kismet was quiet. Then Anne put her face close to Kismet. She said, “Don’t you like me?”

Kismet moved closer to Anne. Then Kismet babbled sweetly. Anne laughed.

She liked Kismet!

Cynthia asked people to talk to the robot. Would they talk to it like a friend?

A woman talked to Kismet. She put her face close. She said, “Do you like me?”

Kismet moved closer and made sounds. She laughed. The robot had acted like a friend!

It was time to test Kismet. Cynthia asked people to assist in the project. She told them, “Speak to the robot.” She wondered, would they communicate with Kismet like they would with a friend?

A volunteer sat down with Kismet. He pointed to the watch on his wrist and said, “This watch is a gift from my girlfriend.” Kismet looked at the watch and babbled.

Then he said, “I almost lost it this week.” Kismet’s eyes opened wide. The man told Cynthia that he felt like he was talking to a friend.

Next, a person named Anne talked to Kismet. At first, Kismet was quiet. Then Anne put her face close to Kismet. She said, “Don’t you like me?”

Kismet moved closer to Anne and babbled sweetly. Anne laughed. She liked Kismet!


SAM OGDEN/SCIENCE SOURCE

Kismet’s face shows different expressions. What expressions do you think it is showing?

Making More Robots

Making More Robots

Making More Robots


SAM OGDEN/SCIENCE SOURCE

Leonardo

Could Cynthia make robots that worked even better? She wanted to try!

Now Cynthia was a professor herself. She helped build a robot called Leonardo. She wanted it to look more alive than Kismet.

Leonardo had a head, arms, and a cute round belly. The robot had 32 motors in its face. The motors made Leonardo’s face move like a real person’s.

Leonardo seemed to understand what people said. When a person held up a Cookie Monster doll and said, “Can you find Cookie Monster?,” Leonardo pointed to it.

Cynthia wanted to make even better robots. One robot she made was called Leonardo. She wanted it to look more alive. Leonardo had a head and arms. His face could move like a real person’s. Leonardo seemed to understand people.

Could Cynthia make more sophisticated robots that worked even better? She wanted to try!

Now Cynthia was a professor herself, and she helped build a robot called Leonardo. She wanted it to look more alive than Kismet.

Leonardo had a head, arms, and a cute round belly. The robot had 32 motors in its face, which allowed Leonardo’s face to move like a real person’s.

Leonardo seemed to understand what people said. When a person held up a Cookie Monster doll and said, “Can you find Cookie Monster?” Leonardo pointed to it.


STEVEN SENNE/AP IMAGES

Jibo

Then the person said, “He wants to get your cookies.” Leonardo threw out its arms to keep Cookie Monster away. It seemed like Leonardo understood and did not want Cookie Monster to steal any cookies!

Then Cynthia made a robot named Jibo. Jibo would be a family robot.

Jibo lived in people’s homes. It even read stories to kids. Some people felt bad when they left for work. They didn’t want Jibo to be alone!

A few families even gave Jibo birthday parties. They treated Jibo like part of their families.

Then Cynthia made a robot named Jibo. Jibo lived in people’s homes. It read stories to kids. Jibo was part of the family.

Then the person said, “He wants to get your cookies.” Leonardo threw out its arms in protection to keep Cookie Monster away. It seemed like Leonardo understood and did not want Cookie Monster to steal any cookies!

Then Cynthia made a robot named Jibo, which would be a family robot.

Jibo stayed in people’s homes. It even read stories to kids. Some people felt bad when they left for work because they didn’t want Jibo to be alone!

A few families treated him like a member of the family and even gave Jibo birthday parties!


Are Robots Helpful or Harmful?

Are Robots Helpful or Harmful?

Are Robots Helpful or Harmful?


Some people say friendly robots can be harmful. The robots could confuse us about what is real. These people say that kids shouldn’t play with robots. They say kids should play with real people.

But Cynthia thinks robots can help us. She made a robot teddy bear called Huggable. It helps kids who are sick in the hospital.

Huggable sings songs to these kids. It plays games with them. Doctors say that kids who play with Huggable feel better.

This makes Cynthia happy. As a kid, she dreamed of making a friendly robot. She dreamed that her robot would be cute and helpful like R2-D2 from Star Wars.

She did it! She has made robots that people like to talk to. She has made robots that can help people.

But can these robots be real friends? You can decide for yourself!

Some people say friendly robots can be harmful. Other people say that kids should play only with real people.

Cynthia thinks robots can be helpful. She made a robot to help families and sick kids. It was called Huggable.

But can these robots be real friends? You can decide for yourself!

Some people say friendly robots can be harmful and cause confusion about what is real. These people say that kids shouldn’t play with robots, but only play with real people.

But Cynthia thinks robots can help us. She made a robot teddy bear called Huggable that helps kids who are sick in the hospital.

Huggable sings songs to these kids and plays games with them. Doctors say that kids who play with Huggable feel better.

This makes Cynthia happy. As a kid, she dreamed of making a friendly robot. She dreamed that her robot would be cute and helpful, like R2-D2 from Star Wars.

She did it! She has made robots that people like to talk to and she has made robots that can help people.

But can these robots be real friends? You can decide for yourself!


MIT MEDIA LAB

Huggable helps a boy in the hospital feel better.

video (2)
video (2)
Slideshows (1)
Activities (6)
video (2)
video (2)
Slideshows (1)
Activities (6) Download All Quizzes and Activities

More About the Article

Social-emotional Learning Focus

Friendship

Next Generation Science Standards Focus

ETS1.a Defining and delimiting engineering problems

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Essential Question

The big question of this issue of Storyworks 2 is: Does technology make our lives better?
  • Reading and discussing “Can a Robot Be a Friend?” along with the other technology-themed texts in the magazine (the mini graphic novel, “In the Zone,” the Words & Pictures feature, “Robot Roundup,” and the fiction, “A Clean Start”) should give kids insight into ways technology can be helpful and ways it can be a hindrance or a distraction.
  • Through the above genres, students will discuss: Does technology make our lives better? How can it be helpful? How can it cause harm? How do I use technology in my own life?

1. BEFORE READING

Show "The Big Question" Video (10 minutes)

“The Big Question: Does Technology Make Our Lives Better?”

(This video also goes with other stories in this month’s Storyworks 2.)

  • Before your students watch, ask them to think about: “Does technology make our lives better?”
  • Watch the video.
  • After watching, ask the question again. Write students’ ideas on chart paper.

Read About Robots (10 minutes)

  • Read our Words & Pictures article, “Robot Roundup,” (pages 4-5) to provide students with some background knowledge on robots.

Preview Vocabulary (3-15 minutes)

  • Play the online vocabulary slideshow. This issue’s featured words are adventures, engineer, professor, babble, and motors.

Preview the First Pages and Set a Purpose for Reading (5-10 minutes)

  • Now tell students they are going to read a nonfiction article. Tell them it connects to the video they watched about technology.
  • Open your magazines to “Can a Robot Be a Friend?” Preview the text features on the opening pages.
  • Ask, “What kind of technology do you think this article is about?” (robots)
  • Next, read the Think and Read prompt on page 7: “As you read, think about whether Cynthia’s robots helped people. How did they help?” Encourage children to think about this prompt as they read.

2. READ THE ISSUE

Read Together (15-30 minutes)

  • You can read this article together as a class or in small groups.
  • Check comprehension as you read the issue together with the Pause and Think questions.
  • Build reading stamina: Play our wonderful Video Read-Aloud feature. Kids can hear the issue read aloud and see the imagery come to life. This is especially helpful to give lower-level readers the same access to the story as their classmates.

3. AFTER READING: FOCUS ON ELA SKILLS

Assessment: Quiz (10 minutes)
 

ELA Focus: Vocabulary (20 minutes)

  • Use the Word Work printable to deepen students’ understanding of the article’s vocabulary words.

ELA Focus: Opinion Writing

  • Use the “Does Technology Make Our Lives Better?” printable. Kids will write a letter to a friend giving their reasons for why they think technology does or doesn’t make our lives better.
  • Note: Kids can also do this page in connection with our other technology-themed articles.

Enrich the Learning: Paired Text Opportunities (time amount varies)

Making text-to-text connections builds knowledge and comprehension. We layer Storyworks 2 with many ways for your students to make connections.

Paired Text Words & Pictures: Robot Roundup (pages 4-5)

  • Use our Two Different Texts printable to give kids practice comparing the short nonfiction piece with this article.

Additional Pairable Texts “In the Zone” (pages 13-17) and “A Clean Start” (pages 24-29)

  • These stories ask questions similar to those posed in the mini graphic novel?. Does technology make our lives better? How do people use technology?
  • Kids can compare the technologies in the three stories using our “Technology Chart” online printable. How are the technologies alike and how are they different?

Text-to-Speech