Image of mayor holding groundhog
LUC POULIOT/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO (GROUNDHOG); SHUTTERSTOCK.COM (FLOWER); CHRIS HONDROS/GETTY IMAGES (PUXSATAWNEY PHIL)

The Truth About Groundhogs

Learn more about the animal behind the legends.

By Laine Falk
From the February 2025 Issue

Learning Objective: Students will read fiction about friends who save Groundhog Day. This pairs with a nonfiction text about real groundhogs.

Lexile® measures: 470L
Vocabulary: burrow(s), hibernation

Luc Pouliot/Alamy Stock Photo(Groundhog); Shutterstock.com (Flower)
 

The story you just read is fiction, but groundhogs are real! Wild groundhogs live in underground homes called burrows. In the winter, groundhogs go into a deep sleep in their burrows. This is called hibernation. In the spring, they wake up. They leave their burrows.

Groundhog Day Legend

Over the years, people have passed down an old story about groundhogs. It says that groundhogs come out of their burrows on Groundhog Day. If they see their shadows, there will be six more weeks of winter. If not, spring will come soon!

Weather scientists say this is not true. But people celebrate Groundhog Day anyway. There is a big party in the town of Punxsatawney, Pennsylvania. The town has a groundhog named Punxsatawney Phil. People from all over come to see him. 

Punxsatawney Phil is not wild. He lives in a zoo that is part of a park. Other towns have their own pet groundhogs too! 

Chris Hondros/Getty Images

Punxsatawney Phil on Groundhog Day, February 2

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About the Story

Science focus

Animal adaptations

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

The Shortcut and The Truth About Groundhogs

 

Implementation

  • Small group; whole group; independent reading

Pairings and Text Connections

Before-Reading Resources

  • Text Preview Bookmarks 
    (5 minutes) Students can use the fiction bookmark to preview the fiction and the nonfiction bookmark for the nonfiction.
  • Groundhog Video
    (5 minutes) Watch the video “What is a Groundhog?” to give students background knowledge before they read.
  • Play the Vocabulary Slideshow 
    (5 minutes) Familiarize students with the vocabulary words they will see in the texts.

Suggested Reading Focus

Fiction and nonfiction (2 class sessions) 

  • First, read and discuss the fiction story
  • Next, read the Nonfiction Connection about groundhogs.
  • Get kids thinking more about fiction and nonfiction with our special Fiction and Nonfiction skills page. We created it to help kids compare and contrast these two kinds of texts. 

After-Reading: Skills Practice

(15 minutes for each activity)

  • Quiz: Comprehension check (We also offer a lower-level quiz.) 
  • Character Traits: Students can identify the traits of the characters in the story.
  • What Is the Setting?
  • Story Map

After-Reading Text Comparisons 

(15 minutes)

  • Friends Chart: Compare the themed texts in the issue.

Text-to-Speech