Photo of huskies running through the snow
frdricprochasson/500px/Getty Images

The Dog That Saved a Town

People in an Alaska town were dying. A dog named Balto raced through a terrible blizzard to save their lives.

By Blair Rainsford
From the February 2024 Issue

Learn about a dog named Balto that raced through a terrible blizzard to save people in Alaska.

Lexile® measure: 550L
Vocabulary: blizzard, trustworthy, obstacles, persevered, frigid, exhausted
Download and Print
Think and Read

As you read, think about if Balto was a hero. Why?

Bettmann Archive/Getty Images

Balto

It was the winter of 1925. The town of Nome, Alaska, was in trouble. A deadly disease was spreading through the town. The disease was called diphtheria (dif-THIHR-ee-uh), and the doctor in Nome didn’t have any medicine for it.

Several children had gotten sick and died. More were getting sick every day. But the closest medicine was hundreds of miles away.

Getting the medicine to Nome was a big problem. A heavy snowstorm called a blizzard made flying and driving too dangerous.

But Alaskans had another way to get the medicine to Nome. That way was by dogsled. Would the medicine get to Nome in time to save the sick kids?

It was the winter of 1925. The town of Nome, Alaska, was in trouble. A deadly disease was spreading through the town. The disease was called diphtheria. (dif-THIHR-ee-uh). The doctor in Nome didn’t have any medicine for it. 

Several children had gotten sick and died. More were getting sick every day. The closest medicine was hundreds of miles away. 

Getting the medicine to Nome was a big problem. A heavy snowstorm called a blizzard made flying and driving too dangerous. 

But Alaskans had another way to get the medicine to Nome. They could use a dogsled. Would the medicine get to Nome in time to save the sick kids?

It was the winter of 1925, and the town of Nome, Alaska, was in trouble. A deadly disease, called diphtheria (dif-THIHR-ee-uh), was spreading through town, and the doctor in Nome didn’t have any medicine for it. 

Several children had gotten sick and died. More were getting sick every day, but the closest medicine was hundreds of miles away. 

Getting the medicine to Nome was a big problem because a heavy snowstorm called a blizzard made flying and driving too dangerous. 

Alaskans had another way to get the medicine to Nome: They could use dogsleds. But would the medicine get to Nome in time to save the sick kids?


A Race to Save Nome

A Race to Save Nome

A Race to Save Nome

Jim McMahon/Mapman ®

This story takes place in Alaska. 

Dogsleds were the fastest way to get to Nome, but one dogsled team couldn’t do it alone. It was much too far for one team to run. The dogs would get too tired.

People in charge of 20 dogsled teams decided to work together. They would run a relay race to carry the medicine to Nome.

The first team picked up the medicine. They ran until they got to the next team. The teams passed the medicine along, getting closer and closer to Nome.

Finally, in the night, the last dogsled team got the medicine. But Nome was still 53 miles away.

If the dogs were going to get there in time to save the kids, they would have to run all night long.

Dogsleds were the fastest way to get to Nome. It was much too far for one dogsled team to run. The dogs would get too tired. 

People decided 20 dogsled teams would work together. They would run a relay race to carry the medicine to Nome. 

The first team picked up the medicine. They ran until they got to the next team. The teams passed the medicine along. They were getting closer to Nome. 

Finally, the last dogsled team got the medicine. It was nighttime, and Nome was still 53 miles away. If the dogs were going to get there in time to save the kids, they would have to run all night long.

Dogsleds were the fastest way to get to Nome, but one dogsled team couldn’t do it alone. The distance was much too far for one team to run. It would exhaust the dogs. 

People in charge decided 20 dogsled teams would work together and run a relay race to carry the medicine to Nome. 

The first team picked up the medicine and ran until they got to the next team. The teams passed the medicine along, getting closer and closer to Nome. 

Finally, it was nighttime when the last dogsled team got the medicine. Nome was still 53 miles away. If the dogs were going to get there in time to save the kids, they would have to run all night long.


H. Armstrong Roberts/ClassicStock/Getty Images

This is a dogsled team from the 1920s.

Balto the Leader

Balto the Leader

Balto the Leader

Bettmann Archive/Getty Images

This is Gunnar Kaasen, the musher for the last dogsled team. He holds Balto.

Gunnar Kaasen (KAY-sen) was the person in charge of the last team. He picked his dogs carefully. He chose a dog named Balto to run in front.

In a dogsled team, the front dog has the most important job. He shows the other dogs what to do. He has to be a good leader.

Gunnar knew that Balto was trustworthy. Gunnar could count on him no matter what.

Balto was also brave and calm. He could handle any obstacles in his way, like slippery ice and thick snow.

Gunnar Kaasen (KAY-sen) was the person in charge of the last team. He picked his dogs carefully. He chose a dog named Balto to run in front. 

The front dog has the most important job. It shows the other dogs what to do. It has to be a good leader. 

Gunnar knew that Balto was trustworthy. Gunnar could count on him no matter what. 

Balto was also brave and calm. He could handle any obstacles in his way, like slippery ice and thick snow.

Gunnar Kaasen (KAY-sen) was in charge of the final team. He picked his dogs carefully and selected a dog named Balto to run in front. 

In a dogsled team, the front dog has the most important job. It has to be a good leader and guide the other dogs in what to do. 

Gunnar knew that Balto was trustworthy and that he could count on him no matter what. 

Balto was brave and calm, and he could handle any obstacles in his way, including slippery ice and thick snow.


Balto’s Race Begins

Balto’s Race Begins

Balto’s Race Begins

National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

The dogs brought bottles of medicine like this one to Nome.

The team set off for Nome. The air was so cold that it hurt to breathe. Heavy snow fell, and an ice-cold wind blew as the team ran.

Sharp pieces of ice cut the dogs’ paws until they bled. The blood froze into hard, red ice on their paws! But the dogs persevered. They kept going.

After a few miles, Gunnar had to stop. The snow was so thick, he couldn’t see the trail. They were lost! They could freeze to death.

But Balto knew what to do. He was a leader. He would make it through this obstacle.

He lowered his nose to the ground. As the icy wind blew, he sniffed the snow, trying to pick up the scent of the trail.

Suddenly, he started running again, and the other dogs followed him. He had found the trail! He had saved his team’s lives.

The team set off for Nome. The air was so cold that it hurt to breathe. Heavy snow fell. An ice-cold wind blew as the team ran. 

Sharp pieces of ice cut the dogs’ paws until they bled. The blood froze into hard, red ice on their paws! But the dogs persevered. They kept going. 

After a few miles, Gunnar had to stop. The snow was so thick. He couldn’t see the trail. They were lost! They could freeze to death. 

But Balto knew what to do. He was a leader. He would make it through this obstacle.

He lowered his nose to the ground. As the icy wind blew, he sniffed the snow. He tried to pick up the scent of the trail. 

Suddenly, he started running again, and the other dogs followed him. He had found the trail! He had saved his team’s lives.

When the team set off for Nome, the air was so cold that it hurt to breathe. Heavy snow fell, and an ice-cold wind blew as the team ran. 

Sharp pieces of ice cut the dogs’ paws until they bled. It was so cold, the blood froze into hard, red ice on their paws! But the dogs persevered and kept going. 

After a few miles, the snow was so thick Gunnar had to stop. He couldn’t see the trail, and they were lost! They could freeze to death. 

Balto knew what to do. He was a leader, and he would make it through this obstacle. 

He lowered his nose to the ground. As the icy wind blew, he sniffed the snow, trying to pick up the scent of the trail. 

Suddenly, he started running again, and the other dogs followed him. He had found the trail and had saved his team’s lives! 


Another Obstacle

Another Obstacle

Another Obstacle

Jim McMahon/Mapman ®

Each yellow pawprint shows where a new dogsled team started. Balto’s team was the last. In what town did the first dogsled start its trip?

Balto led the team for miles. Then he stopped. Gunnar was confused. What was Balto doing? They still had a long way to go.

Then Gunnar looked down. Balto’s front paws were in water. The team had been heading onto a frozen river, and Balto had broken through the ice!

He had stopped just in time. He had kept the team from falling into the water. He had faced another obstacle and saved his team’s lives—again.

Balto led the team for miles. Then he stopped. Gunnar was confused. What was Balto doing? They still had a long way to go. 

Then Gunnar looked down. Balto’s front paws were in water. The team had been heading onto a frozen river. Balto had broken through the ice! 

He had stopped just in time. He had kept the team from falling into the water. Balto had faced another obstacle. He saved his team’s lives—again.

Balto led the team for miles, but then he stopped. Gunnar was confused. What was Balto doing? They still had a long way to go. 

Then Gunnar looked down and discovered Balto’s front paws were in water. The team had been heading onto a frozen river, and Balto had broken through the ice! 

He had stopped just in time and prevented the team from falling into the water. He had faced another obstacle and saved his team’s lives—again.


Balto Perseveres

Balto Perseveres

Balto Perseveres

Balto kept the team going through icy, frigid winds. He ran with them through snow piled as high as his pointy ears. He led them up slippery hills covered in ice. The dogs had to crawl on their bellies and dig their claws into the ice to keep from sliding back down.

The team had been racing through the blizzard for hours. There was so much snow in the air, Gunnar couldn’t see the trail. He couldn’t even see the dogs. “I didn’t know where I was,” he said. “I couldn’t even guess.”

Gunnar hoped Balto could get them to Nome in time to save the sick kids. He held on to the sled as the dogs ran and ran.

Balto’s paws were cold, sore, and bloody. He was exhausted from the long run. Even though he was so tired, he would not quit. He persevered. He led his team all night and into the morning.

Balto kept the team going through icy, frigid winds. He ran with them through snow piled as high as his pointy ears. He led them up slippery hills covered in ice. The dogs had to crawl on their bellies and dig their claws into the ice to keep from sliding back down. 

The team had been racing through the blizzard for hours. There was so much snow in the air. Gunnar couldn’t see the trail. He couldn’t even see the dogs. “I didn’t know where I was,” he said. “I couldn’t even guess.”

Gunnar hoped Balto could get them to Nome in time to save the sick kids. He held on to the sled as the dogs ran and ran. 

Balto’s paws were cold, sore, and bloody. He was exhausted from the long run. Even though he was so tired, he would not quit. He persevered. He led his team all night and into the morning.

Balto kept the team going through icy, frigid winds. He ran with them through snow piled as high as his pointy ears. He led them up slippery, ice-covered hills that were so dangerous the dogs had to crawl on their bellies and dig their claws into the ice to keep from sliding back down. 

The team had been racing through the blizzard for hours. There was so much snow in the air that Gunnar couldn’t see the trail. In fact, he couldn’t even see the dogs. “I didn’t know where I was,” he said. “I couldn’t even guess.”

Gunnar hoped Balto could get them to Nome in time to save the sick kids. He held on to the sled as the dogs ran and ran. 

Balto’s paws were cold, sore, and bloody, and he was exhausted from the long run. Even though he was so tired, he would not quit. He persevered and led his team all night and into the morning.


Home in Nome

Home in Nome

Home in Nome

Bettmann Archive/Getty Images

Here you can see Balto and his team in Nome. What else do you notice in this photo?

At 5:30 a.m., the people of Nome woke up to the sound of barking dogs.

It was Balto and his team! They had made it.

The team was exhausted. Gunnar knelt next to Balto and gently pulled bloody chunks of ice off his paws. “Fine dog,” he whispered.

The medicine had frozen solid, but it would still work. Balto and everyone who had taken part in this incredible trip had saved the people of Nome. Balto was a hero.

At 5:30 a.m., the people of Nome woke up to the sound of barking dogs.

It was Balto and his team! They had made it. 

The team was exhausted. Gunnar knelt next to Balto and gently pulled bloody chunks of ice off his paws. “Fine dog,” he whispered. 

The medicine had frozen solid. But it would still work. Balto and everyone who had taken part in this incredible trip had saved the people of Nome. Balto was a hero. 

At 5:30 a.m., the people of Nome woke up to the sound of barking dogs. 

It was Balto and his team! Even though they were exhausted, they had arrived with the medicine. 

Gunnar knelt next to Balto and gently removed bloody chunks of ice from his paws. “Fine dog,” he whispered. 

The medicine had frozen solid, but it would still work. Balto and everyone who had taken part in this incredible trip had saved the people of Nome. Balto was a hero. 


video (2)
video (2)
Slideshows (1)
Activities (7)
Answer Key (1)
video (2)
video (2)
Slideshows (1)
Activities (7) Download All Quizzes and Activities
Answer Key (1)

More About the Article

Social Studies Focus

People, places, and environments; Time, continuity, and change; American history

Science Focus

Winter Weather

Step-by-Step Lesson Plan

Implementation

  • Small group; whole group; independent reading

Pairings and Text Connections

  • In this issue, these texts all go with the heroes theme:

"The Dog That Saved a Town," p. 6

"Brave Jackie/Jackie Up Close," p.18

"Nina and the Winter Whirlwinds," p. 22

"Hero," p. 32

Before-Reading Resources

  • Read the Background Builder, “Snowstorm!,” on p. 4 

(15 minutes)

  • Text Preview Bookmarks 

(5 minutes) Kids can cut out the nonfiction bookmark and use it to preview the text.

  • Play the Vocabulary Slideshow

(5 minutes) Help students become familiar with vocabulary words they will see in the article. 

  • Watch the Big Question video, “What Is a Hero?” 

(5 minutes) Help students think about characteristics of heroes. They can connect the ideas in the video to the themed texts in the magazine.

Suggested Reading Focus

Comprehension, nonfiction text features (30 minutes)

  • Use the Pause and Think questions for a comprehension check.
  • Stop at the subheads. Ask students, ”What do you think this section will be about?“

After-Reading Video Read-Aloud

(5 minutes)

  • Watch the Video Read-Aloud: 

Students can hear the article read aloud and see the imagery come to life.

After-Reading Skills Practice

(15 minutes for each activity)

  • Quiz: Comprehension check (We also offer a lower-level quiz.) 
  • Word Work: Vocabulary
  • Was Balto a Hero? Opinion writing
  • Compare Two Texts: Compare this nonfiction article about Balto with the poem about Balto
  • Heroes Chart: Compare the themed texts in the issue.

Text-to-Speech